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Species of the Coffee Plant
There are several species of coffee beans, but only two are traded commercially: Coffea Arabica and Coffea canephora (Robusta). Coffea Arabica is believed to be the first species of coffee to be cultivated in southwest Arabia. The Arabica species is harder, higher in quality, more flavorful, and much more prevalent. It is considered to produce better coffee than, cost more than, and has less caffeine than Coffea Canephora (Robusta). Arabica bean account for about 75% of the beans that are grown around the world.
Coffea canephora (Robusta) has its origins in western Africa. It is easier to care for than Coffea Arabica and hence is cheaper to produce, limited to lower grade coffee blends as filler. Robusta has about twice the amount of caffeine compared to Arabica. Approximately one third of the coffee produced in the world is Robusta.
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Magnoliophyta
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Gentianales
Family: Rubiaceae
Genus: Coffea
Species:
- Coffea Arabica-Arabica coffee
- Coffea Benghalensis-Bengal coffee
- Coffea Canephora-Robusta coffee
- Coffea Congensis-Congo coffee
- Coffea Excelsa-Liberian coffee
- Coffea Gallienii
- Coffea Bonnieri
- Coffea Mogeneti
- Coffea Liberica-Liberian coffee
- Coffea Stenophylia-Sierra Leonian Coffee
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